ISSN: 1305-3876
Dil: Türkçe
Hakkında: Özel sayılar şeklinde yayınlanır.
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Cardiovasculary And Respiratory Emergencies In Hematology
Dr. Filiz BÜYÜKKEÇECİa
aİç Hastalıkları AD, Hematoloji BD, Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, İZMİR
Hematologic malignancies which present with mediastinal mass may cause superior vena cava syndrome(SVCS). Progressive laryngeal and cerebral edema due to venous congestion may cause mental disorders, visual problems, stridor, paralysis, syncope and coma. Sudden death may occur due to tracheal obstruction and cerebral herniation. The most common hematologic malignancy that cause superior vena cava syndrome is lymphoma (13.6%), particularly lymphoblastic lymphoma (21%). In addition to laboratory tests for diagnosis of lymphoma and leukemia, radiologic tests such as thorax and abdominal computerized tomography help to diagnose the SVCS. In these patients, combined chemotherapy directed to primary disease relieves the symptoms of SVCS and complete response is usually obtained within two weeks. Another emergency condition is cardiac tamponade. In hematologic malignancies, most of cardiac complications are related to treatment. Especially in Hodgkin’s Disease pericarditis and coronary artery disease are seen due to radiotherapy and chemotherapy related cardiomyopathy. There is an increase in the use of central venous catheters and port catheters. They may cause early and late complications. Early complications include wrong placement or damage to the catheter, pneumothorax, hemothorax, air emboli and damage of adjacent tissue. Late complications are occlusion of catheter with fibrin and collagen, local and systemic infections and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Complications due to treatment regimens, interventions and pleural and pulmonary involvement may also occur.Keywords: Superior vena cava syndrome, cardiac tamponade, venous catheter, pleural effusion, pulmonary emboliTurkiye Klinikleri J Surg Med Sci 2006, 2(20):16-24
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